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James Clark McReynolds
James Clark McReynolds (February 3, 1862 – August 24, 1946) was an American lawyer and judge who served as United States Attorney General under President Woodrow Wilson and as an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He served on the Court from October 12, 1914 to his retirement on January 31, 1941, and was known for his cantankerousness and for his conservative opinions, which opposed much of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal legislation.
==Early life==
Born in Elkton, Kentucky, the county seat of Todd County, he was the son of Dr. John Oliver and Ellen (née Reeves) McReynolds, both members of the Disciples of Christ church.〔 The house in which he was born still stands;〔Jones, Calvin. One block from the Todd County courthouse, it is listed on the National Register of Historic Places Inventory.''(National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: McReynolds House )''. National Park Service, 1976-06, 3.〕 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. He graduated from the prestigious Green River Academy〔Originally called Green River Female Academy, the Academy renamed itself and began admitting both men and women after the Civil War. 〕 and later matriculated at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, graduating with status one year later as a valedictorian in 1882. At the University of Virginia School of Law, where he studied under Professor John B. Minor, "a man of stern morality and firm conservative convictions," McReynolds completed his studies in fourteen months and, again, graduated at the head of his class.〔 McReynolds received his law degree in 1884.
He was secretary to Senator Howell Edmunds Jackson, who later became an associate justice himself. McReynolds practiced law in Nashville and served for three years as an Adjunct professor of Commercial Law, Insurance, and Corporations at Vanderbilt University Law School,〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】Supreme Court Historical Society ">url=http://www.supremecourthistory.org/history-of-the-court/associate-justices/james-clark-mcreynolds-1914-1941/ )〕 and ran unsuccessfully for Congress in 1896 as a "Goldbug" Democrat.〔See Free Silver.〕 As head of the Tennessee delegation to the 1896 Democratic Convention, he wrote the party's "sound money" plank.〔 Under Theodore Roosevelt he was Assistant Attorney General from 1903 to 1907, when he resigned to take up private practice in New York City.
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